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How did the Phoenicians Colonize the Mediterranean Sea?
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- Published on May 30, 2023 veröffentlicht
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How did the Phoenicians Colonize the Mediterranean Sea?
Phoenicia was a thalassocracy that existed as early as 2500 BC and held territory throughout the Levant. The Phoenicians were not necessarily members of one united nation, but instead, made up a series of independent city-states such as Tyre and Byblos; though they nonetheless served as some type of unified front when it came to the colonization of the Mediterranean.
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♦Sources :
Phoenician Secrets: Exploring the Ancient Mediterranean Paperback - Sanford Holst
Phoenicians: Lebanon's Epic Heritage - Sanford Holst and Antoine Khoury Harb Ph.D.
Odyssey - Homer, translated by Stanley Lombardo
The Phoenicians and the West: Politics, Colonies and Trade - Maria Eugenia Aubet
The encyclopedia of ancient history -Roger S Bagnall - Malden, MA : Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.
Phoenicia - John Kenrick
The world of the Phoenicians; (History of civilization) - Sabatino Moscat
History of Phoenicia Paperback - George Rawlinson
♦Script & Research :
Skylar Gordon
#History #Documentary #Phoenicia
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YugoslavianMapping1291 [IMA] [YUC] [GBS] NEVER GONNA LET YOU DOWN
The way that the Phoenicians expanded their influence, reminds me of Manila in the Philippines… by the way, I apologize in advance because this would be a lengthy comment.
By the time of Spanish contact, Manila had monopolized the archipelago’s trade, that they managed nearly all inter-island and inter-ethnic exchanges, therefore all of the other polities became reliant on Manila. In fact the Spaniards mentioned that the Manila Moros brokered deals with the rules of Cebu to allow them to settle on the island. The Spaniards also mentioned that Manila Moros who were settled in Butuan in the Southern island of Mindanao, ordered the locals to not deal with the Spaniards if it wasn’t silver that was being traded, and the locals obeyed. The Spaniards mentioned a Manila Moro paramount ruler who was well known throughout the islands that he was respected and treated almost like a king.
At first, the Spaniards incorporated themselves into the trading network/colony that Manila had created. The Spaniards were importing silver that they mined in the Americas, which the Manila merchants wanted, because the Chinese mainly accepted silver in exchange for their products. Eventually the Spaniards grew to become more and more influential due to silver and they gained a lot of local allies. Among these was the Manila Moro merchant whose name is ‘Mahomar’. He had been dealing with the Spaniards in Cebu for years and he had become well acquainted with them, so he decided to bring the Spaniards back with him to Manila, to make deals with the ruling family to allow them to settle near the city. This would make things more convenient, because silver would flow directly to Manila, which they could easily trade with Chinese and Japanese merchants who were settled near Manila. Unfortunately Rajah Sulayman refused the offer and ordered them to head back to their settlement in Cebu. Somewhere in their conversation, fighting broke out. Some sources claim that it was Rajah Sulayman who first fired a (lantaka)/locally made pre-colonial cannon, while other sources claim that it was the Spaniards who fired a cannons first. Manila would fall to the Spaniards and their allies. This is how the Spaniards took over what is now the Philippine archipelago. When Manila fell, the Spaniards basically took control of the trading network/colony that Manila had already woven prior to their arrival. They simply gave it a name, and that’s how the Philippines was born.
There were several attempts by the local elites to get rid of the Spaniard. First was the Battle of Bangkusay Channel, where relatives and allies of the ruling family came to Manila from the regions of Navotas, Bulacan and Pampanga to aid them against the Spaniards, but this unfortunately failed and some nobles were executed. The next attempt is known as the “Tondo Conspiracy”… this was when the ruling family and nobles attempted to contact their relatives in the Bruneian royal court. Unfortunately this failed again because a man named ‘Surabao’ revealed their plans. It is uncertain why Surabao snitched on them, but it is speculated that the reason might also have something to do with silver as well, because if they successfully get rid of the Spaniards, the steady flow of silver into the archipelago would stop. After this revelation, many of Manila’s royals and nobles were harshly punished, some were executed, while others were exiled to Latin America or heavily taxed. Those who allied with the Spaniards, we’re able to keep their wealth, properties and social status. The Spaniards gave these people or their descendants the “Principalia status” which was basically the “colonial noble class”.
I highly recommend the article (Transforming Manila: China, Islam and Spain in a Global Port City) by Ethan Hawkley.
The rich and in depth history of the Phoenician empire (if you would call it that) is that of underrated value and little to no knowledge to majority of people unfortunately. Thank you for making this video and brining more light to it!
What are you doing here ExpandedHistory!? I love ur military history channel!
Thanks Age Of Empires Demo on Windows 98 back in the day I learned about them :). We can thank our alphabet to them as well :)
The e Phoenicians we're Canaanites. The Canaanites are Hamites. Hamites are black people!
@BabyJake 777 we wuz kangz n shit! The blacks of iraq bruddah
@Canadian MMA Guy Yes Nimrod was the son of Kush(Ethiopia). The Kushites built the Babylonian cities(Modern Iraq) and his title was King. So you're correct!
As an archaeology master's student working on the Phoenicians and, their successor, Carthaginians, the principal motivation for both Phoenician and Greek trade networks and trading posts which eventually became colonies was getting mineral resources, notably metals like iron, gold and bronze. The reason the Phoenicians and Carthaginians are less known is due to the fact they lost against Europe's “ancestors“ Greece and Rome. I'd argue they all played a huge role in forming the modern Mediterranean world.
Fun fact: the Greeks, who isolated themselves after the Bronze Age collapse, worked closely with the Phoenicians when reopening there trade ties. The Greeks adopted and readapted the Phoenician alphabet, and the Romans adopted and readapted the Greek alphabet, turning it into the Latin alphabet, which continues today.
The 'Bronze Age collapse.
I'm still pondering what caused it.
Natural disasters, or raids from the sea peoples?
Or both?
'I know that Santorini's volcano have had its share of outbreaks-
I've been there.
@bohemianwriter1 There's still a lot of debate around this subject. From what I know, there's an economic reasoning. If I remember it's either Egypt or Crete's cities that collapsed and due to the economic interdependence, every interconnected regional power was affected. The cause, no one knows yet
@Eric From what I've heard from most of my collegues (I myself am mostly interested in ancient coins and alike artifacts) it's most probably to be a combination of many of the factors people point to as the "definitive" reason. All combining and kind of snowballing. Though you are very right about no one really knowing anything for sure though.
But I think it'd make sense for several environmental, cultural and intersocietal factors to have a (kinda lost for the word, English isn't my primary language) but strenghtening effect on eachother that made each worse. After all, seemingly quite stable civilisations were left in disarray one after another in a relatively small amount of time or as a friend of mine likes to say 'an archeological blink of an eye' though I kinda messed up the translation.
I have a question off topic. Would you know why did Carthage decide not to help Old Tyre when Alexander the Great was invading it? Wasn't Carthage a colony of theirs? What was the feeling of the other Phoenician cities (Byblos..) when they helped Alexander the Great attack Tyre (also Phoenician but independent city)? Did the people of Tyre hate them after?
Imagine if the knew that just close by in the Senegal River sources some of the biggest Gold reserves in the world
Perhaps the most important innovation of the Phoenicians was their alphabet which the Greeks and later the Romans modified and adopted. Way easier than cuneiform or hieroglyphs.
They knew syxtant
Yes, we ignore the importance of the "phonetic" alphabet for the West far too much.
also the modern numbers from arabs
@محمد شندي that was from India. Arabs spreads it in Europe.
Phoenicians had no alphabet. They had an abjad.
The Phoenicians were really underrated compared to Greco-Roman cultures
History is written by the victor
Because they came from Lebanon since I was a little kid they told us you Lebanese people are Phoenicians what's in it for us nowadays living without electricity civilizations should develop into good for the future some day we'll return the Phoenicians days living instead of moving forward
Because Phoenicians were not nearly as interesting as them. Seriously, the two are not even comparable.
@Lambert highly doubt that since there religion is quite intresting and same goes for there alphabet and lets not forget there military history
@Lambert Phoenicians aren't interesting? May I present to you... Hannibal Barca!
This is why i study history and ancient history at the same time I love Phoenicians and their deeds! It takes a lot for some city states to work their way up the ladder and they did it none the less.
🤺☦️🇷🇺Point is that it shows just how accurate the description of them and their trade route in the Bible, and what the curse upon the Canaanites meant in being "slave of slaves to his brothers"
People, look up Hanno the Explorer. The Carthaginian sailor who dared to sail around Africa to Sierra Leona in 600 BC. He didn’t make it all the way, but still a great accomplishment that wasn’t re completed til the Portuguese.
@Canadian MMA Guy He found a tribe of “hairy people” and he called them “gorillai”. He couldn’t capture the men so he captured the women. Gorilla comes from this early term
@ThaMuffinMan thank you.
I was just jesting about how we used to think gorillas, squid, and pandas were myths.. and how told the majority of people still think sasquatch are myth.
Something else of interest, most canadians don't even know we had penguins 150 years ago. (Great auk).
It's amazing how information changes in less than two human lives.
@Canadian MMA Guy wow I didn’t know that either. Couldn’t agree more. Love learning about stuff like this
“One place had a colony so big it was making smaller colonies.”-The history of the world I guess.
"Now the Phoenicians can get down to business"
You left out Malta which was a key trade spot for the famous and noble purple dye at the time. Several remains were found throughout Malta, including the famous cippus, Cippi of Melqart dating back to the 2nd century. This provided the key to the modern understanding of the Phoenician language.
Didn't even bother to colour us purple :(
sad how didn't he mention yuchedes (the kindom that had the actual penorep (semetic) population in northern spain) :(
The purple dye that apparently had it's emergence in QPTR, now called Minoans.
I would like to add some details about their colonization: it wasn't the same in all their conquered territories. Even if the punics conquered the westernmost part of Sicily, they never really subjugate the native elymians (the elymians had many important cities, like Eryx and Segesta), since the latter were pretty much developed. So the punics preferred to create commercial outposts alongside the coast of Western Sicily, with few exceptions
علي ياسر colonization was not always the same. Most of the times the punics were respectful of the indigenous groups, not like the greeks, for example
The modern European colonies also started like that. As trade posts and layovers for their ships. Then gradually taking over the inland.
The Portuguese empire basically followed the Phonecian method to every word. Small trade outposts trade with the locals, and then we have Brasil...which kind of can be compared to carthage (both became way larger empires than their predecessors)
@Miguel Padeiro the carthaginians fled to portugal with allied tribes.
Lisbon was a carthaginian trading post, the basque region was heavily settled in and in my opinion the uk after that.
True, the Spanish started by making a trading post in the americas, the Portuguese, in the Cabo de Boa Esperança (Cape of good hope)
@Saguntum-Iberian-Greek Konstantinopoli and Kongo kingdom
Except for Spain.
Spain's original intentions may be different but they wanted gold and destroyed the civilizations and cultures in a truly barbarian way.
Same with Portuguese.
British were kinda like that.
Dutch were different from them during most of their colonial history.
Thank you for this history. I try to learn about my country in the ancient world and this is helping me a lot.
It’s amazing how ignorant one can be about her/his own history. There was never a people called the Phoenicians. They were Canaanite city states. “Phoenicians” is what Greeks called purple dye traders from the eastern Mediterranean
@Wisam Elchayati If the Greeks called it Phoenicians they are Phoenicians. I know the Canaanites had seperate state like Byblos and Tyre are not the same type of Canaanites. But Tyre made the purple and Byblos aswell. They both traded the purple dye and that's the Greeks called them Phoenicians. And also our generation use a lot of Greek term. Even in Mathematics. So they are using the name Phoenician to specify the empire that sells purple dye. There is other Canaanites that didn't use the purple dye. They didn't even indetefy there self as Canaanites nor Phoenicians. But the Greeks called them Phoenicians
@Cedar Animation they did identify as Canaanite city states. There are records of that, even in Greece. They also taught together when outside empires invaded. If you choose to be ignorant of history than that is one problem, but if you choose to disgrace your ancestors by accepting the name their invaders gave them, then that’s another problem
Also, the Greeks didn't really invade us, the only empire that invaded us in Persia. Big defference. The Carthage city turned into in empire. As well why are you fighting if I'm here to learn my history. If you want to change the history, than do a Clip-Share video about your opinion. Since you really need to show your ignorant skills. Go. I won't bother you.
I was born in Lebanon, and to see how my country was a beacon of light in the past, and now it is a cradle of filth saddens me... I will keep that beacon shining in my heart.
Hi bro, Yes it really sad to see how our countries are now vs how was they. Well I am from India. But good times will come for us.
It's just an idea, you had nothing to do with it so having pride in that is cringey, and why limit yourself to a "country", if you wanna have pride in something you had nothing to do with why not just have pride in humanity instead of "my tribe"
Humans are weird
They established one of the greatest empires by Mediterranean coastal length, following the likes of Romans and Ottomans
You meaning "preceding the likes of...", but you are right.
@thearab59 That wouldve been a chronological use I preferred to rank it based on the amount of med. coastal lands ruled which is less than that of the Romans and Ottomans
@Nenenin Donu the romans had the greatest Mediterranean empire ever they literally owned all of it at some point
Truly an underrated topic in colonization! Keep up the good work!
*"Now the Phoenicians can get down to business!"*
nice
You are a man of culture I see
Also, can we switch to a new metal thats a little easier to find?
I used to see you at the top of every comment section. What happened man?
Sometimes I think of the Greeks and Phoenicians as the bronze/early iron age equivalent of a future Earth sending out generation ships or early FTL ships. Some great ceremony binds the people of the colony to the mother world, then off they go to set up a new world and hopefully keep alive whatever sacred plant or fire from the homeland they took with them to maintain symbolic connection.
In Bulgaria we have a saying that goes something like this "Where are you in such a hurry for like a phoenician?". The original businessmen of the Mediterranean and Europe.
For real? That’s so interesting? Do you have the exact Bulgarian saying? I’d love to learn more about it!
I'm a penorep from spain (descendents of iberio-punic population) and we have an idiom that says "This work wouldn't make you a phoenician" which means don't be so hastly to do this plan that you think will make you wealthy/rich think a lot before deciding, it's used to advise someone who thinks of starting a commercial project or getting an important job :P
in my language:
"Đo faggo nȷhe ťaķălŏť úno phınıqus"
IPA pronounciation:
[ðɔ faŋo ɲe tæχaloˀt uno ɸiniqœs]
The way that the Phoenicians expanded their influence, reminds me of Manila in the Philippines… by the way, I apologize in advance because this would be a lengthy comment.
By the time of Spanish contact, Manila had monopolized the archipelago’s trade, that they managed nearly all inter-island and inter-ethnic exchanges, therefore all of the other polities became reliant on Manila. In fact the Spaniards mentioned that the Manila Moros brokered deals with the rules of Cebu to allow them to settle on the island. The Spaniards also mentioned that Manila Moros who were settled in Butuan in the Southern island of Mindanao, ordered the locals to not deal with the Spaniards if it wasn’t silver that was being traded, and the locals obeyed. The Spaniards mentioned a Manila Moro paramount ruler who was well known throughout the islands that he was respected and treated almost like a king.
At first, the Spaniards incorporated themselves into the trading network/colony that Manila had created. The Spaniards were importing silver that they mined in the Americas, which the Manila merchants wanted, because the Chinese mainly accepted silver in exchange for their products. Eventually the Spaniards grew to become more and more influential due to silver and they gained a lot of local allies. Among these was the Manila Moro merchant whose name is ‘Mahomar’. He had been dealing with the Spaniards in Cebu for years and he had become well acquainted with them, so he decided to bring the Spaniards back with him to Manila, to make deals with the ruling family to allow them to settle near the city. This would make things more convenient, because silver would flow directly to Manila, which they could easily trade with Chinese and Japanese merchants who were settled near Manila. Unfortunately Rajah Sulayman refused the offer and ordered them to head back to their settlement in Cebu. Somewhere in their conversation, fighting broke out. Some sources claim that it was Rajah Sulayman who first fired a (lantaka)/locally made pre-colonial cannon, while other sources claim that it was the Spaniards who fired a cannons first. Manila would fall to the Spaniards and their allies. This is how the Spaniards took over what is now the Philippine archipelago. When Manila fell, the Spaniards basically took control of the trading network/colony that Manila had already woven prior to their arrival. They simply gave it a name, and that’s how the Philippines was born.
There were several attempts by the local elites to get rid of the Spaniard. First was the Battle of Bangkusay Channel, where relatives and allies of the ruling family came to Manila from the regions of Navotas, Bulacan and Pampanga to aid them against the Spaniards, but this unfortunately failed and some nobles were executed. The next attempt is known as the “Tondo Conspiracy”… this was when the ruling family and nobles attempted to contact their relatives in the Bruneian royal court. Unfortunately this failed again because a man named ‘Surabao’ revealed their plans. It is uncertain why Surabao snitched on them, but it is speculated that the reason might also have something to do with silver as well, because if they successfully get rid of the Spaniards, the steady flow of silver into the archipelago would stop. After this revelation, many of Manila’s royals and nobles were harshly punished, some were executed, while others were exiled to Latin America or heavily taxed. Those who allied with the Spaniards, we’re able to keep their wealth, properties and social status. The Spaniards gave these people or their descendants the “Principalia status” which was basically the “colonial noble class”.
I highly recommend the article (Transforming Manila: China, Islam and Spain in a Global Port City) by Ethan Hawkley.
The phoenicians were really advanced for their time and were really ambitious, while nations like Rome and Sumer surely influence us today with the laws of Rome and the wheel of Sumer, the phoenicians gave us something more important than both, the alphabet.
We often ignore them for their many feats, the only time the phoenicians are ever mentioned as pretty big are the times of Carthage, but never more, which is so unfair.
They gave us the alphabet but not vowels.
There is no point in valuing a civilization more than another: the romams gave us roads, the base for statal administration, laws, and so on. The sumerians gave us the first efficient irrigue system, and the first epic poem. So what's the point?
Spolierman it seems that your point of you is influenced by nationalism, which is always bad. I will not even try to explain why you're wrong... greetings
Spolierman yes, we all know how much important was the middle east in ancient times. But denying the importance of other civilizations seems a little nationalistic to me. Good day
They didn't gave us alphabet.
Greeks gave us Alphabets.
Phonecians had a Abjad.
It would look like this -
Phwncyns ddnt wrt wth vwwls, thy wrwt wth nly cwnsnwnts.
Greeks modified the Phonecian abjad and created seperate letters for vowels.
Phonecian abjad was itself developed from Egyptian hieroglyphics.
I loved the video! But one quick comment I think you may have mixed up the city of Ibiza with the city of Palma, Ibiza is on the left island where as Palma is on the center Island. Keep up the great work!
Prob same with Carthage cause it was more where he placed utica. Happens all the time here. They once placed a norweigan city in northern Finland.
In Morocco there is an Archeological Site Called Lexus with Many Ruins From the Mauritanian and Roman Era of the City of Lexus that was built by the Phoenicians but a few of this Ruins date back also to the Phoenician/Carthaginian period.
Yes Lixus which is very close to the town Larache
In my social studies class we do a unit about the Phoenicians, it is very interesting
imo Phoenicians is one of the most over looked ancient civilizations even tho it is the most interesting and really fun to learn about how it made it's empire with will led to the carthage one of the most interesting things to learn about and a good thing to think and learn about
true
You're here too. 🔥
@Gokul Kumar ?
@Pixydust411 I have seen Pak mapping and gamer commenting in other history channels too
@Gokul Kumar cool
I'm always curious about how the locals reacted to these colonies. Was an agreement reached with a local ruler? Was territory conquered my force? Was it a mutually beneficial integration?
Mutually beneficial.
it's an agreement of mutual interest between the two sides ... who the heck will refuse money?
Another reason why the Ancient history should deserves more attention.
2:13 this is what I like! I never understood expanding your own territory, just cooperate instead. But I guess reality is that everyone else is armed so you got to be armed yourself, otherwise risk shitty consequences.
Tell that to Harambe lol
In close to modern times, or middle age times was the Hanseatic league, Genoa, Venice and the trade powers of Spain and Portugal at some points. In the east, there was Malacca and the Chinese Dynasties who established tributaries
There was actually an interesting fable about the circunavigation of Africa by the Phoinikai on behalf of the Pharaoh , recorded by Herodotus
Interestingly, this is also how the British empire spread. They first set up trading stations, which then had to be defended, so they grew and armed allied lords or tribes. (Typical pattern in Africa: Set up trade by the coast. Then missionaries come and walk into the interior to preach. Then get eat... killed by the locals, who then also attack the traders. The trade outpost asks for redcoasts to fortify and defend the outpost. They arm coastal tribes, who use the guns to subdue their enemies in the interior. That's also why the coasts turned Christian while the interior turned Muslim, from Muslim missionaries coming across the continent.)
Lebanon houses a lot of phoenician remnants. It is worth a visit
🇦🇱❤️🇱🇧
and Syria too,
what tool or software do you use to animate the maps?
Interesting how ancient historians have the phoenicians colonizing in the 12th century bc. That's a lot further back than modern historians
I loved all the hammers making their own little noises while you talked 😂
Thank you for covering this part of the World.
Thanks for your videos. I live and work in Cambodia. I study history and I am in direct contact with a linguist and historian who study Khmer culture et myths as well as several minorities who live in Cambodia - We would love to help you to make a video about Cambodia history and myths.
Is it possible to send you an email?
One interesting thing is that the Greeks once controlled southern part of the Italian peninsula that makes the Italian population in that area to have Greek heritage.
Another interesting fact is that Arabs controlled almost all of Iberia and Sicily and the modern population there still hav some Arab Berber ancestry.
Also an interesting thing is that an iberio-punic civilization developped in central northern spain, so a punic population is still living there ... at least some of them got civilized and developpement ...
Very interesting video. Just one tiny thing, you set Ibiza in the wrong island of the Balearic (thats Mallorca)
Amazing content, thanks!
Well made documentary indeed daily and ever,good friend!!!👍
Great Honours belong to the Phoenicians !
So how did they do it? The entire video explains what made the Phoenicians so great, their accomplishments and their legacy. But nothing really dives deeper into the 'how' of it. In my mind, they were just another trading people in the levant, only more successful. Idk why though
Nice video. The Phoenicians are underrated by many. Shame.
Fantastic video today keep it up your doing amazing job
You forgot Malta as well most of our architectures and genes come from there!!
What I love about these history channels, is that they are content free of a religious bias.
One important thing about the Phoenicians is that theirs alphabet which was adopted and modified by the Greeks and later the Romans which way later remained the latin alphabet used by the majority of the world countries.
Phonecians had an Abjad not an Alphabet.
An Abjad is a type of writing system which only writes consonants and no vowels while an alphabet is a type of writing system which writes both consonants and vowels with seperate letters.
All writing systems are not an alphabet but all Alphabets are a writing system.
yes we use both: the penorep script which is an alphabet and peno-arabic script which is an abjad also, also we write in social media (i mean if we're using a computer or a phone) we write in latin but ... a bit different. For example the sentence: "it's Winter, how cold it is!" would be in the latin script "Jǐť'ĩ l'esťré, Ke ĩ frwadus! "
and in the peno-arabic equivalent script:
" جٍت'ئن ل'يسترِ. كِ ئن فروَٕدٌس! "
I always thought the Phoenicians only settled in Tunisia. Wasn't aware of their settlements in Algeria, Morocco, and Europe.
A quarter of Spanish cities in the mediterranean were founded by phoenicians. Malaga and Cadiz (called Gades) were founded by them. Sagunto was too.
@DanRyzESPUK Cartagena in Spain exist
They settled from modern day Libya to Morocco, Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Spain & Portugal. The capital of Portugal Lisbon was founded by them too as a trading outpost called "Alis Ubbo"
Great Episode!
Hello, great video, I have a suggestion.
Why did the inca empire collapse?
There were several important cultural and political centers all over the Mediterranean region in Antiquity, and there were various sorts of changing interactions and exchanges between Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks and others. The influence of Phoenician culture did not end quickly or suddenly.
The father of Pythagoras, Mnesarchus, was a merchant from the city of Tyre. Thales was of Phoenician descent and a descendant of Cadmos. The founder of Stoicism, Zeno of Kitium, was of Phoenician origin. The geographer and astronomer Marinus of Tyre influenced the geographer and astronomer Claudius Ptolemy. These can be viewed as literary and cultural examples of ancient thinkers directly related to Phoenician cultural influence, but who were called Greek in the 20th century due mainly to Athens, Greece and Rome being located in Europe, and to cultural habits related to Euro-centrism.
Several ancient scholars were very likely in the cultural sphere of influence of the city of Carthage.
The city of Berytus (Beirut) had an important law school that lasted until the 6th century CE.
This type of colonization is similar to portuguese colonization, since Portugal had a small population but outstanding soldiers. The portuguese usually took coastal areas and didn't advance inland.
Not really
Pheonicians used other people for war affair
They werent soldiers
@A B You're right. They rarely fought, for example the sacred band of Carthage.
YugoslavianMapping1291 [IMA] [YUC] [GBS] 💪💪💪
@Ergun Aktëmur they used Numidians/Lybics/Berbers, Celts, Iberians, Greeks for war
Mustafa 576 some of their generals were foreigners too
Make one for greek colonies next
If there is one philosopher who walk all around the world Like Marco Pollo as trader and x as philosopher it would be ...
It is funny you used the name new town. Because that’s actual what it name really was. In Hebrew since it by default was a Hebrew colony
lol even in Penorep (my mothertongue, it's a language we speak in nothern spain) it's very obvious that "Qerțeċ" means new village, with Qerț meaning village or town and eċ the suffix of Eǐțeċ meaning modern or new. Lol how similair phoenician is to my language
This is amazing
The problem of colonization is that some of the colonists never respected the cultures of the natives at all! Sure, they respected the natives when they first arrived but as time passed, things always get intense and one side will fall. And sadly, it's usually the natives that lost in these wars.
I don't know if it is usually the natives that lost, or rather that the times the natives won where just forgotten. Kind of like we know a lot of battles where mounted knights were (unexpectedly) defeated, but most of the battles involving knights just where never mentioned/remembered unless it had great significance on the region/history.
Bias to historical significance and unexpected events
Nicely explained.
Such a nice video!!! You have a new subscriber here💞💕💞💕💞💕💞💞💞💕💞
The portuguese capital of Lisbon was founded by the phoenicians.
It was a settlement before the Phoenicians arrived there and made it a more important trading post.
@Cedars So was pretty much every ancient major city before someone supposedly "founded it"
@Giovanni Cardoso For the most part, maybe. But Carthage was said to be founded on virgin soil according to ancient sources. Archaeological evidence confirms this. The Phoenicians founded cities and colonized or re-founded others.
Scientists underestimate positive interaction between Phoenicians and Greeks, even as early as the 12th c BCE. Besides post-#LateMycenaeanIIIC Cyprus, they also used #Crete, #Pholegandros, #Kea/#Ceos, and other #GreekIslands, as trading stations and stepping stones for further expeditions, trade, and colonization.
𖤍ᴾᴴᴼᴱᴺᴵˣ Why not!? 🤷🏾♂️
𖤍ᴾᴴᴼᴱᴺᴵˣ I'm a Yankee 🇺🇲 , as well as a citizen of the World. Why ?
How they menaged to lose all of it is a even better question.
Phoenicia itself was disunited and actually very small, so didnt had a chance against the heavily militarized Persian Empire.
The colonies which were let alone (including Carthago) were absorbed by the Romans after the 2 punic wars (Roma VS Carthago).
@Simon Colin I don't think he was awaiting such a response.. it is definitely a good question considering that Carthage (totally independent from Phoenicia) had major possessions all over the ancient world and was so advanced it could be described as post-WII USA of the ancient world, yet lost to some barbarians in central Italy who didn't control much of their surroundings when Carthage was busy mining the Americas and exploring Cameroon. Talk about an unfair world from the start.
What do you mean by "phallus socratic"? I've tried to search for that term but only got either the socratic method or prostitution in ancient Greece
There was, as I understand it, no such thing as Phoenicia, just as, a little bit later, no such thing as Greece. These civilisations were competing city states. So, in time, were many of the colonies.
We should not impose modern concepts on the past.
Oh but trust me during many times in history they were unified, with one king ruling many cities
In fact, they were during peaceful times somewhat independent
However, during war time, they would all act as one nation with one identity
No one is talking about a Greek nation or Phonecian nation when we talk about Ancient Greece and Phonecia. We call them civilizations, which is absolutely correct. All these different polities belonged to one civilization.
Great video!
Respect Phoenicians from USA 3000 years later
We Carthaginians discovered the Americas long before the spaniards or the vikings.
@Mouath respect
@Miguel Padeiro You seem to have a problem with the term "Carthaginian". it isn't a culture, it's an identity. "we" means those who identify as Carthaginian, i was born and raised in Carthage, that's the original name of our nation before the romans changed it into Africa.
Phonecians firstly colonized cyprud and inhabitated that area. Then ancient greeks colonized all of mediterrenean area and assimilated local people. Modern greek speaking cypriots are phonecians, modern Greek speaking anatolians are Native anatolians and modern greek speaking pontus people are georgians. Unfortunatelly they think they are greek
Hi what software do you use to do your videos?
proud to be from tyre, south lebanon.
so much history there
proud to be from Cathage 🙂🙂
ibiza is the island to the south, not the one in the middle
The idea that greeks adopted and improved the Phoenician alphabet has so many gaps. I hope one day everyone of you would read ancient greek and understand that even philosophers like Plato spoke about this topic. For example Plato said that greek language has connections with letters, meanings and the word origin. We have examples of ancient greek alphabets by 5000 years before Christ and even at the period of Trojan war. Some philosophers like Aristotle named another philosopher, whose name was Palamidis, and is believed that he saved some letters of the alphabet. This conversation would last forever and at the end of the day its a fault of greek politics, because we educate our youngers only knowing this possible scenario. Quite funny to think that ancient greeks with so many different alphabets from 12.000 to 700, adopted an alphabet from another civilization, like they didnt have their own. Remember what plato said "every word in greek has a meaning and everything is perfectly combined", this is why you can generate new words from every word and letter. An alphabet of another nation couldn't fit so well and history shows this really well. Finally, the whole idea of Indo-European languages family is a mess without important evidences
The Phoenicians are the Canaanites, and the Canaanites are descended from Oraib Ibn Amaleek Ibn Laoith (عريب ابن عمليق ابن لاوذ), and they are from the ancient Arabs.
The Phoenician Empire is an ancient Arab colonial empire and they were famous for being the masters of the seas. Their descendants today are the sons of the coasts in Syria, Lebanon and Palestine. This empire colonized the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea from north to south and built many settlements in the Italian peninsula, the Iberian peninsula and the Mediterranean islands, The most prominent of these colonies is the ancient Andalusia in Iberia, which was exterminated by the Romans and the Gothic people, and rebuilt by the Arab Umayyads when they conquered Iberia after Islam, and among the most prominent Phoenician colonies is the civilization of Carthage in North Africa, and Emperor Hani Baal, known as Hannibal, is an Arab Phoenician Canaanite emperor who threatened Rome in its land and he threat to remove it from history, It is said that the Phoenician and the Arab Thamudians reached the Americas and settled there, and many of the American Indians in the Americas are descendants of the Thamudians and Canaanites (Phoenicians)
Increasing their trade network. Well basically like the early Portuguese and Spanish.
I hope someday someone talks about their settlements in the black sea and Celtic shores and beyond
There is no modern evidence to support the idea that Pheonicians settled in Western Europe or the Black sea. If by Celtic shores you mean Northern Spain and Southern France or northen italy, then yeah they had commerce with them but no colonies. The claim they reach the British Isles is highly doubted. Some say they went there to trade tin which was abundant... but modern scholars have studied the archeology and other documents and has been proven that they talk about Galicia in Northwestern Spain (which is closer and makes way more sense). Galicia had some celtified culture and had large amounts of tin they traded with with the pheonicians.
Fun Fact!! We didn't extinct we're still living in small populations in northern Spain and southern France and having our own semetic language too ... but ... ya know it's influenced by Spanish
Just got back from Tyre... *they have wheely good business*
the Phoenicians are impressive but not as impressive as the fact that 15 minutes can save you 15 percent or more on car insurance from GEICO
Ah kim, your despotic way always raise a chuckle
The Phoenicians are the greatest European civilization. They were the first advanced civilization in Europe. Byblos is the oldest city not only in Europe, but in the world.
Bro Byblos is in Middle east, not europe. The whole idea that Israel is a european country is only approved in football matches and other events 😂
You can make the argument that the were part of "Western Civilization" but they surely weren't European, not ethnically or geographically.
علئ ياسر so you are telling me that if a european nation colonise a place outside of europe, after many years the new place will become a european country? You probably mean that the civilization and movements are to the west and the cultural share is different from the other close nations. But that doesnt mean anything. Australia isn't considering a european country for example. Sure Israel is a different scenario because of religion and arab neighbors, but remember that being a Jew is different than being israeli.
We did not lean very much about Phoenicians apart from trading which we already knew.
🤺☦️🇷🇺That's not the point. Point is that it shows just how accurate the description of them and their trade route in the Bible, and what the curse upon the Canaanites meant in being "slave of slaves to his brothers"
Please try to bring videos Indian ( Bharat) oldest Civilisation, it will be great.......
At this time the Greeks who were settled around them were for the most part Ionians, and after being taught the letters by the Phoenicians, they used them with a few changes of form. In so doing, they gave to these characters the name of Phoenician, as was quite fair seeing that the Phoenicians had brought them into Greece."
(5-58-59)”
― Herodotus, The Histories
Its weird that u placed Carthage far south than where it really was and u placed Ibiza on Mallorca
he has to work more on his maps, for example he should have inckuded tge Syrian coast too. the fist alphabet started there
North Africa is a Punic Civilization. Cuerta, Cirta or Constantine was the capital of Algerian 🇩🇿 Phoenicians before the so called Massenssen backstabbed them with Romans and took over. Phoenicians settled peacefully and mixed with Africans. Like greeks did with Ancient Egyptians.
You got the story completely wrong. Punic is a later development of Phoenician culture in North Africa (and surrounding areas), characterized by a more and more Libyan/Berber element culturally and linguistically (the phonology of Punic is clear example of simplification due to Libyan influence) as well as other Southern European, Greek and Egyptian input. This is even supported by dna evidence from Phoenician remains in Sardinia, where earlier remains were Levantine and Levantine+Sardinian mixes, while later remains from the more Punic proper era were more Berber and mixed Sardinian, other types of Europeans and Berber.
As for Cirta, it was initially a Berber settlement (like most Phoenician ones in North Africa), and was not a "capital" of Algeria since Algeria starts to exist only with the French colonization.
So no, North Africa is not a Punic civilization, but Punic civilization was one among several civilization of North Africa.
The Romans then kind of exterminated western punic civilization, North Africa is no longer punic culturally
I'm algerian arabic phoenician and I'm proud
For the past 100 years and more, the Arabs have been trying to completely annihilate the true identity of Lebanon (Phoenicia). Currently it is the Persians turn with the likes of hizbullah, but we will NEVER give up our true Canaanite who later became known as Phoenicians identity. Thank you for shedding light on our proud history that has shaped ancient southern European culture and history, Phoenicians even reached the Americas both north and south supported by evidence from New England and Brazil. ♥️🇱🇧♥️
phenocians started in Syria too and they were assimilated long before the Arabs. all what you're talking about is historical fantasy, nothing relevant.
The Canaanian Phoenicians ancestors of the Arabs are the first original peoples who settled in North Africa in 1 and century BC before the Berbers and the Byzantines

The Canaanian Phoenicians ancestors of the Arabs are the first original peoples who settled in North Africa in 1 and century BC before the Berbers and the Byzantines

Bro smoking that good stuff
along with Carthage came the kingdoms of Numidia and Mauritania. the former encompasses modern northern Algeria and the later the kingdom of Moracco.
And Afrikya. Mauretania ( Mooretania ) Numidia and Al Afrikya. Carthage was in Afrikya
Thanks for this video bro❤️🇱🇧
YugoslavianMapping1291 [IMA] [YUC] [GBS] ok
Is nobody talking about this coinciding with the end of Bronze Age Collapse?
As a gay man I love these videos and It warms me that you support us lgbt+ people ❤️
I should admit that I didn't know barely anything about the Phoenicians.
we're still living in spain (at least descendents) 🙂✌️
the Mediterranean Sea is a miniature ocean.
skanderbeg part 2 please!!!
1:35 "A phallus socratic civilization" hum? Interesting!
I was afraid it might only be Thalassocratic.
were early modern colonial empires inspired by the Phoenicians?
Nah, they were inspired by Rome, which was inspired by Carthage and the Greeks, which were both inspired by the Phoenicians.
I wouldn't say inspired at all, but definitely had a paralel evolution.
Portugal was the first global empire. It was very much like phonecia's. Portugal had several outposts across Africa, the Indian Ocean and China (Macau) and Japan (Nagasaki). These were built to trade with the locals and ease future travels for merchants...and of course:
CONTROL THE SPICE TRADE. HE WHO CONTROL THE SPICE CONTROLS THE UNIVERSE
Then we have empires like Spain, who went more to the textbook empire route, akin to Rome. The grand land conquests of Mesoamerica and the Incas, creating a vast land empire
@Simon Colin No, they were most definitely inspired by the Phoenicians as well.
phoenicia best nicia, i like their k flag symbol its like an A too
1:34 Phallo-Socratic civilization
can anyone tell me what "phallus socratic" in 1:38 mean?Is the subtitle wrong or I misheard?
OK,I listened again,I guess it may be "thalassocratic"
dya turn on subtitles?
Keep it on.
With a lot of blood sweat and tears !